Patients with chronic hepatitis may develop acute exacerbations with markedly elevated serum ALT. This scenario is more frequently described in those with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B. However anti-HBc of the IgM class can be detected occasionally in patients with chronic hepatitis B with exacerbation. An estimated one-third of persons with chronic HBV infection will ultimately develop a long-term consequence of the disease, such as cirrhosis, end-stage liver disease, or HCC.
The serum-sickness—like syndrome occurs in the setting of acute hepatitis B, often preceding the onset of jaundice. The symptoms often subside shortly after the onset of jaundice, but can persist throughout the duration of acute hepatitis B. The course of this syndrome often parallels the duration and level of HBV viremia: rapid clearance of the virus leads to rapid resolution of the illness. This disorder resembles experimental serum sickness, in which immune complexes activate the complement pathways leading to complement-mediated injury.
Patients with this syndrome have low complement levels and high-level circulating immune complexes containing HBV antigens and complement components. Immune-mediated vascular injury can involve large, medium, and small vessels. Early clinical features are marked constitutional symptoms, high fever, anemia, and leukocytosis.
Multisystem involvement is common, including arthritis, renal disease proteinuria and hematuria , heart disease pericarditis and congestive heart failure , hypertension, gastrointestinal disease acute abdominal pain and bleeding , skin involvement vasculitic lesions , and neurological disorders mononeuritis multiplex and central nervous system abnormalities.
HBV-associated nephropathy has been described in adults but is more common in children. Liver disease may be mild or absent in many of these patients.
This disorder is frequently observed in countries with high prevalence of HBV infection. Papular acrodermatitis Gianotti-Crosti syndrome is a distinct skin manifestation of acute HBV infection in childhood. The syndrome lasts about 15—20 days and can either precede or follow the onset of jaundice in acute hepatitis B. Generalized lymphadenopathy and hepatomegaly have been described.
Other immune-mediated hematological disorders, such as essential mixed cryoglobulinemia and aplastic anemia have been described as part of the extrahepatic manifestations of HBV infection, but their association is not as well-defined; therefore, they probably should not be considered etiologically linked to HBV.
Some of these patients have underlying liver disease, suggestive of ongoing hepatocellular injury from persistent HBV infection. Existing evidence supports the notion that it indeed indicates low-level viral replication, capable of transmission.
Patients with serologic evidence of recovery probably have low-level viral replication that is effectively controlled by an active immune response. The possibility that these occult infections are caused by HBV mutants has been proposed. Although mutations have been reported in various regions of the viral genome, 60 — 63 definitive evidence in support of a pathogenic role of these mutants is lacking.
Furthermore, whether liver disease can indeed result from these occult HBV infections is controversial. At present, there are no convincing studies in support of a causal relationship. Therefore, these occult HBV infections, other than the special situations described above, may not be clinically important. How does HBV establish productive infection in vivo and what is the host response early during the infection?
Despite well-described information on the clinical manifestations and natural history of acute HBV infection, detailed knowledge of the virus-host interaction during this stage remains poorly defined.
Advances in this area would offer a better understanding of the pathogenesis of HBV infection and its associated disease. What is the immunologic basis of chronic infection and hepatocellular injury? There have been great strides in understanding the virology and immune response of HBV infection, but the molecular mechanisms whereby the host fails to clear the virus and develops chronic infection remain largely unknown.
In addition, the adaptive evolution of virus under host immune pressure remains to be elucidated. Finally, the pathogenesis of various extra-hepatic manifestations associated with HBV infection is poorly understood. Further research in these areas is crucial not only in better understanding the natural history and disease progression but also in improving treatment for chronic hepatitis B.
What is the genetic basis of the diverse clinical manifestations and disease outcomes of HBV infection? With the recent advances in genetic and genomic medicine, there are increasing opportunities to elucidate the genetic basis for variations in expression and susceptibility to HBV-associated diseases. Genome-wide association studies and other genomic technological advances would provide crucial information to identify useful genetic markers for disease outcome, clinical manifestations, and treatment response of HBV-associated disease.
Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. Author manuscript; available in PMC Jan Jake Liang. Author information Copyright and License information Disclaimer. Copyright notice. The publisher's final edited version of this article is available at Hepatology. See other articles in PMC that cite the published article. Abstract Hepatitis B virus HBV infects more than million people worldwide and is a common cause of liver disease and liver cancer.
Open in a separate window. Diagnosis and Serology HBV infection leads to a wide spectrum of liver disease ranging from acute hepatitis including fulminant hepatic failure to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma HCC. The clinical course and serologic profiles of A acute and B chronic hepatitis B. Acute Hepatitis B About two-thirds of patients with acute HBV infection have a mild, asymptomatic and subclinical illness that usually goes undetected. Chronic Hepatitis B Chronic hepatitis B has a variable and dynamic course.
Ar trebuii sa astept sa mi se agaraveze starea? Va multumesc si sper din suflet sa imi raspunda cineva! Sunt baiat si sunt purtator de hepatita b boala nu mi-a fost niciodata activa dar am fost depistat ca purtator si m-ar interesa daca ma casatoresc cu o fata si intretin relatii sexuale pot sa ii transmit si ei boala?
Hepatita b inactiva Din Comunitate Buna. Pentru dumnezeu nimeni nu s-a vindecat de hepatita b inactiva cronica? Din Comunitate Am fost diagnosticata cu hepatita b cronica inactiva de 2 ani.
Hepatita c Din Comunitate va rog din suflet daca se poate sa imi raspundeti ce inseamna hepatita c inactiva [continuare]. Se poate vindeca hepatita b cornica inactiva? Din Comunitate Buna ziua!
Hepatita tip b inactiva Din Comunitate daca faci sex cu o persoana care are hepatita b inactiva esti infectat? Hepatita cronica b Din Comunitate Buna. Hepatita b Din Comunitate Buna seara! Hepatita virala b Din Articole Generalitati Hepatita virala B este o boala severa, cauzata de infectia cu virusul hepatitic B. Hepatita virala b Din Comunitate Ce tratament as putea urma pt hepatita b [continuare].
Am hepatita b si am nevoie de ajutor Din Comunitate Buna ziua, Ma numesc Dana, si am si eu o problema grava.. Hepatita cronica cu virus b - cum se pune diagnosticul? Din Articole Generalitati si alte informatii De multe ori, cercetarea existentei unei hepatite cronice cu virus B porneste de la descoperirea intamplatoare a cresterii transaminazelor; la un om fara simptome.
Anemia din ciroza hepatica Din Articole Generalitati Ciroza inseamna afectiunea ficatului, care nu mai poate sa functioneze in mod fiziologic, din cauza unei afectiuni cronice care distruge treptat ficatul, fiind o boala cronica si degenerativa. Hepatita autoimuna Din Articole Generalitati Hepatita autoimuna reprezinta o inflamatie a ficatului determinata de un raspuns imun anormal al organismului, care inceteaza sa mai considere hepatocitele celule proprii sau 'self' si impotriva carora sintetizeaza si secreta anticorpi pentru a le distruge.
Am hepatita cu virus b Din Comunitate Buna! Hepatita cronica b Din Comunitate Am fost diagnosticat cu hepatita cronica b inactiva, analizele au fost in regula ultima data, doar trebuie sa mai fac viremia.
Candidoza vs hepatitele c si b Din Comunitate Buna seara. Pot sa fac sport daca am hepatita? Din Comunitate Salutare!
Hepatita b Din Comunitate eu tot nu inteleg:cum e posibil ca eu sa fiu purtator sanatos de hepatita b si partenerul in 4 ani sa nu contacteze virusul? Hepatita b Din Comunitate buna ziua, as dori sa stiu daca am ag hbs este foarte grav? Hepatita b Din Comunitate Buna ziua! Hepatita b Din Comunitate Buna ziua, Azi am primit rezultatele analizei pt hepatita. Hepatita b cronica Din Comunitate Exista posibilitatea ca virusul Hepatic B sa devina inactiv, adica sa nu-l mai poti transmite?
Desde entonces, la tasa de infecciones nuevas por hepatitis B ha bajado un 82 por ciento. El virus puede transmitirse de madre a hijo durante el nacimiento. Estas medicinas incluyen. El contacto puede ocurrir por. Restul analizelor de sange s-au incadrat in limitele normale, in afara de sideremie rezultat Atunci nu am stiut ca exista purtator sau hepatita B.
Puteti sa imi spuneti unde ma incadrez si de ce? Acum TGP a iesit 54, iar maxima era Mentionez ca nu s-a modificat greutatea corporala fata de acum 2 ani. PDW a iesit iarasi mare 16,7, fata de 9. Va rog sa ma ajutati sa inteleg ce se intampla. Este posibil ca virusul sa fi evoluat?
Va multumesc1 [continuare]. Hepatita B si noile ghiduri de tratament — dezbatute cu prioritate la Al lea Congres National de Hepatologie Bristol-Myers Squibb continua campania de educare si de informare despre hepatita cronica B in Romania Site-ul www.
La conferinta de presa organizata de compania Bristol-Myers Squibb Romania in cadrul congresului, profesorul Mihai Voiculescu - presedintele ARSF - alaturi de profesorul Alfredo Alberti din Italia, profesorul Cihan Yurdaydin din Turcia si profesorul Harry Janssen din Olanda au vorbit despre prevalenta hepatitei B in Europa si in Romania, despre rezistenta virusului la tratamentele clasice, Generalitati Hepatita B si in general hepatita este afectarea celulelor hepatice de catre o infectie virala cu virusul hepatitei B in cazul Hepatitei B.
Aceasta infectare poate avea loc dupa o expunere a unei persoane sanatoase la sangele sau alte umori ale unei persoane infectate lichid seminal, secretii vaginale. Virusul hepatitei B face parte din genul Orthohepadnavirus din familia Hepadnviridae.
Faza acuta si uneori simptomatica apare in primele 1 luna — 6 luni de la infectare si este faza care este observabila si simptomatica, dar nu in toate cazurile, insa dupa aceasta perioada sau daca exista Cauze Hepatita este un termen generic, semnificand inflamatia si distructia celulelor hepatice. Distructia poate fi cauzata de medicamente, toxine, bauturi alcoolice, boli genetice, diverse boli metabolice si virusuri. Cu toate acestea, in mod obisnuit, prin hepatita se intelege hepatita virala.
Exista o larga varietate de virusi care pot cauza hepatita, dar in mod obisnuit, termenul se foloseste pentru hepatitele cu virus A, B, C, D, E si G. Cele mai frecvente sunt hepatitele A, B si C. Hepatita C este cea mai frecventa indicatie de transplant hepatic. Factori de risc Ce cantitate de bauturi alcoolice consumate poate fi considerata un risc pentru ficat? In primul rand trebuie inteles faptul ca bauturile acoolice sunt o otrava.
Orice cantitate de alcool poate afecta ficatul. La persoanele sanatoase, fara boli hepatice de baza, metabolizarea alcoolului este diferita la femei fata de barbati. Barbatii metabolizeaza si elimina alcoolul mai eficient ca femeile, datorita Generalitati Hepatita este o inflamatie a ficatului, acuta sau cronica. Ficatul este un organ unic. Este singurul organ care se regenereaza.
Ficatul are capacitatea de a inlocui celulele bolnave cu noi celule. Cineva cu hepatita ar putea: - avea o infectie virala sau bacteriana a ficatului; - avea o lezare a ficatului cauzata de o toxina otrava ; - avea o afectare a ficatului cauzata de intreruperea circulatiei sangvine catre acest organ; - avea o boala autoimuna, in care sistemul sau imunitar, propriu, ataca ficatul; - prezenta un traumatism la nivelul abdomenului, in zona ficatului.
Cel mai des, boala hepatica este cauzata de unul dintre cei trei virusuri: 1. Alte virusuri si bacterii care pot provoca hepatita, inclusiv hepatita D sau E, sunt varicela si Generalitati Hepatita virala B este o boala severa, cauzata de infectia cu virusul hepatitic B. Aceasta infectie poate determina formarea de tesut cicatriceal in ficat, disfunctie hepatica, ciroza hepatica, cancer hepatic hepatocarcinom si chiar decesul. Virusul hepatitei B se gaseste in sangele infectat sau alte lichide infectate ale organismului uman, ca de exemplu sperma sau secretiile vaginale; astfel transmiterea se poate face pe cale percutana prin transfuzii sangvine cu sange infectat, prin utilizarea seringilor si acelor contaminate, manevre sangerande la stomatologie, manichiura, pedichiura, piercing etc.
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